Four ways of strengthening steel metal materials (Chapter Two)

 Second, solid solution strengthening

01. Definitions

With the increase of solute atomic content, the strength and hardness of the solid solution increase, and the plasticity and toughness decrease.

02. Mechanism

(1) The dissolution of solute atoms distorts the crystal lattice of the solid solution and hinders the dislocation moving on the glide plane.

(2) The Coriolis air mass formed by solute atoms on the dislocation line acts as a pinning effect on the dislocation, increasing the resistance of the dislocation movement.

(3) The segregation of solute atoms in the layer fault region hinders the movement of the extended dislocation. All the factors that hinder the movement of the dislocation and increase the resistance of the dislocation to move can increase the strength.

03. Regularity

① In the range of solid solution solubility, the greater the mass fraction of alloying elements, the greater the strengthening effect

② The larger the size difference between solute atoms and solvent atoms, the more significant the strengthening effect.

③ The strengthening effect of solute elements forming interstitial solid solutions is greater than that of elements forming replacement solid solutions

④ the larger the difference in valence electron number between solute atom and solvent atom, the greater the strengthening effect.

 

04. Methods

Alloying, that is, adding alloying elements.

05. Examples

The strength of copper-nickel alloys is greater than that of pure copper and nickel metals.

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